The Importance of HPV Vaccination for Preteens

There is a lot going on in your child’s life, especially if they are in adolescence. This is a unique stage of their life, during which kids experience rapid physical, cognitive, and psychosocial growth. They face new challenges and opportunities, form their identity, and seek greater independence. Protecting their health as they prepare for the future is also crucial. One essential step in safeguarding their well-being is ensuring they receive the HPV vaccine.

The HPV vaccine is most effective during adolescence, before exposure to the virus. It helps prevent certain types of cancers and other serious health issues that could impact them later in life. By ensuring your child is vaccinated, you are helping protect them during this pivotal time of development, so they can continue to grow and thrive without the burden of preventable diseases.

Why HPV Vaccination Matters

HPV is a very common virus that is responsible for about 36,000 cases of cancer in both men and women each year in the United States alone. The good news is that the HPV vaccine can protect your child from these potential health risks long before they are ever exposed to the virus.

When Should Your Child Get the HPV Vaccine?

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that children receive two doses of the HPV vaccine at ages 11 to 12. The vaccination can be administered as early as 9.

Vaccination Schedule:

● First Dose: Between 11 and 12 years old (can start as early as age 9)

● Second Dose: 6 to 12 months after the first dose

A third dose will be required if your child receives two doses less than five months apart. Three doses are necessary for those starting the series between the ages of 15 and 26 to ensure full protection.

Who Should Get the HPV Vaccine?

As mentioned above, the HPV vaccination is recommended for all preteens, starting at age 11 or 12, to ensure they are protected from HPV infections that can cause cancer later in life. Teens and young adults up to age 26 who have not started or completed the vaccine series should also receive the HPV vaccine.

Safety and Efficacy of the HPV Vaccine

The HPV vaccine has a proven track record of being safe and effective. Since its development in 2006, infections with the HPV types that cause most cancers and genital warts have dropped significantly — by 88% among teen girls and 81% among young adult women.

The percentage of cervical pre-cancers caused by these HPV types has also decreased by 40% among vaccinated women. The protection provided by the HPV vaccine remains high, with no evidence of waning over time.

The HPV vaccine is important for protecting your child, especially as they gain independence. By vaccinating early, you can ensure your child is protected long before exposure to the virus.

Sources:

CDC: HPV Vaccination Recommendations

CDC: Impact of the HPV Vaccine

National Cancer Institute: HPV and Cancer

Getting the HPV Vaccine During Cervical Cancer Awareness Month

January is Cervical Cancer Awareness Month (CCAM) and it’s an opportunity to raise awareness about the prevention and early intervention of one of the most common and preventable cancers in women.

Cervical cancer develops slowly over time and starts in the cells of the cervix. The cervix connects the upper part of the uterus and anyone with a cervix can develop cervical cancer. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection, and while most infections clear on their own, persistent infections can lead to cervical cancer over time. The body’s immune system typically prevents HPV from doing any harm, however, in a small percentage of people, the virus survives for years and contributes to the process that causes some cervical cells to become cancer cells.

In 2020, 11,542 new cases of cervical cancer were reported among women in the United States, and 4,272 women died of this cancer. Every day in Tennessee, a woman is diagnosed with cervical cancer, and every three days one dies from the disease. Globally, cervical cancer is in the top ten most common cancers in women, with 604,000 new cases recorded in 2020. About 90% of the 342,000 deaths caused by cervical cancer occurred in low- and middle-income countries.

Risk Factors:

Other risk factors can contribute to the development of cervical cancer, which include:

● HPV Infection: HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer and is responsible for over 90% of diagnoses.

● Smoking: Tobacco use has been linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer.

● Long-term Use of Oral Contraceptives: Prolonged use of certain birth control pills may contribute to the risk.

Prevention:

While there is no guarantee to prevent cervical cancer, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising, routine screenings, and the HPV vaccine all help to reduce the risk. The Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends beginning the HPV vaccine series as low as the age of 9 with the possibility of continuing from age 27 to 45.

Women should also seek screening for cervical cancer every 5–10 years starting at age 30. Screening includes cervical cytology (also called the Pap test or Pap smear) and testing for human papillomavirus (HPV). Getting routinely checked has been known to save lives, with the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologistssaying the number of cervical cancer cases and deaths has decreased by one-half over the past 30 years.

Symptoms and Treatment:

Cervical cancer may not cause noticeable signs and symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular screening is important for early detection. As the cancer progresses, symptoms may become more apparent. Some common symptoms of cervical cancer include:

● Abnormal vaginal bleeding

● Pelvic pain

● Vaginal discharge

● Pain during urination

● Back pain or leg swelling

● Weight loss, fatigue, and loss of appetite

If cervical cancer develops, it’s often treated with surgery to remove the cancer. Other treatments can include chemotherapy or targeted therapy medicines to kill the cancer cells. Radiation therapy is also used along with low-dose chemotherapy.

A Global Call to Action:

The World Health Organization (WHO) has set out a global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2120. To guide countries towards achieving this goal by 2030, three specific targets have been established:

● 90% of girls vaccinated with the HPV vaccine by age 15.

● 70% of women screened with a high-quality test by ages 35 and 45.

● 90% of women with cervical disease receiving treatment.

By achieving this goal, the WHO estimates that 74 million new cases of cervical cancer can be averted, and 62 million deaths can be avoided.

Cervical Cancer Awareness Month is a time to raise awareness about cervical cancer and get informed, get screened, and get vaccinated. Committing to this is not just a matter of health; it’s also a human right. Participating in Cervical Cancer Awareness Month contributes to the global effort to eradicate preventable diseases and promote a healthier, more equitable world.

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Sources:

World Health Organization: Cervical Cancer Awareness Month 2023

Tenessee Health Department: Cervical Cancer Information and Screening Guidelines

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Cancer Statistics At a Glance

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Cervical Cancer

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Cervical Cancer Screening

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