As the temperature rises, so does the need for children to get outside. But as they are off exploring and discovering new things, it’s important to be aware of some potential health risks from the warmer months. This year, West Nile virus (WNV) has appeared in Middle Tennessee, as reported by the Metro Public Health Department (MPHD).
A mosquito pool in Rayon City tested positive for the virus, marking the initial detection of WNV in 2024. This also follows a high presence of the virus in mosquito pools last year, with nearly 23% of traps collected in 2023 showing positive results.
WNV is not a new illness in the United States. The country has experienced multiple outbreaks of WNV since it was first detected in New York in 1999. The first outbreak resulted in 62 confirmed cases and 7 deaths. After that, the virus rapidly spread across the country, and by 2002, WNV had been reported in virtually every state. The country saw the most impact during this time, with over 4,000 cases and 284 deaths in 2002. 2003 saw more than 9,800 cases and 264 deaths, making it one of the worst years for WNV in the U.S.
The symptoms of WNV infection can vary. Most people infected with WNV experience mild symptoms or are asymptomatic. Mild symptoms may include fever, headache, body aches, skin rash, and swollen lymph nodes. A small percentage of people infected with WNV develop severe illness, such as neuroinvasive disease (e.g., encephalitis or meningitis). These cases can require hospitalization.
While there is no known vaccine for this type of virus, research is ongoing to find specific treatments. Experimental therapies and approaches have been studied, including certain drugs that target viruses and treatments that use antibodies or immune modulators to fight the infection.
Because the West Nile virus can cause meningitis, ensuring your kids are vaccinated against meningitis is important. The CDC recommends that all children receive the meningococcal conjugate vaccine at 11 to 12, with a booster dose at 16. For children at higher risk, such as those with certain medical conditions or who travel to areas with higher rates of meningococcal disease, vaccination may be recommended at a younger age, and additional doses may be necessary. Ensuring your children are up-to-date with their vaccinations is crucial in protecting them from the serious complications associated with meningitis.
As mosquito bites are the primary transmission method of WNV, the following steps can be taken to reduce your risk:
Limit Outdoor Activities During Peak Mosquito Hours
Mosquitoes are most active during dusk and nighttime. Reducing your children’s outdoor playtime during these hours can significantly decrease their risk of mosquito bites. Plan indoor activities or ensure your outdoor spaces are well-protected during these times.
Use Approved Mosquito Repellents
Applying mosquito repellent is a highly effective way to prevent bites. Choose products approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which include those containing:
● DEET
● Picaridin
● Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus
Always follow the instructions on the label and reapply as directed, especially after swimming or sweating.
Dress Appropriately
When your children are outdoors during peak mosquito hours, ensure they are dressed in protective clothing. Here are some clothing tips to keep in mind:
● Wear shoes and socks: Open footwear provides easy access for mosquitoes.
● Opt for long sleeves and pants: These create a physical barrier between the skin and mosquitoes.
● Choose light-colored, tightly woven fabrics: Mosquitoes are less attracted to light colors, and tightly woven materials can help prevent bites.
● Tuck pant legs into shoes or socks: This prevents mosquitoes from reaching the skin under clothing.
● Button collars: This adds an extra layer of protection around the neck.
Additional Tips for a Mosquito-Free Summer
● Eliminate Standing Water: Mosquitoes breed in standing water. Regularly empty and clean items like bird baths, plant saucers, and pet water dishes.
● Use Mosquito Nets: Consider using mosquito nets over strollers and sleeping areas, especially if you live in a high-risk area.
● Install Fans Outdoors: Mosquitoes are weak fliers; a fan can help keep them at bay when your children play outside.
By implementing these precautions, you can help ensure a safe and enjoyable summer for your children, free from the threat of WNV. Stay informed, stay vigilant, and enjoy the sunny days ahead with peace of mind.
Source:
